Deal #4566

Location

Location #1

Spatial accuracy level
Exact location
Location
South Horr, Kenya

Latitude
2.480894104324861
Longitude
36.804635300625534
Target country
Kenya
Comment on location
Loyangalani District, Marsabit West County, in north-eastern Kenya, approximately 50km north of South Horr Township
General info

Land area

Intended size (in ha)
60720.0
Size under contract (leased or purchased area, in ha)
[2009] 60720
Size in operation (production, in ha)
16187
Comment on land area
Lake Turkana Wind Power project concession of over 607km2. wind farm development occupies 162 km2 of larger concession. Justice Njoroge directed that the Lake Turkana Wind Power Limited will carry out its activities of developing the wind farm within an area of 87.5 acres pending the hearing and determination of the case.

Intention of investment

Intention of investment
Renewable Energy
Comment on intention of investment
The project will comprise 365 wind turbines (each with a capacity of 850 kW), the associated overhead electric grid collection system and a high voltage substation.

Nature of the deal

Nature of the deal
Lease
Comment on nature of the deal
The project area has been leased from the Government of Kenya (GoK) for a period of 99 years

Negotiation status

Negotiation status
[2009] Concluded (Contract signed)

Implementation status

Implementation status
[2014] Project not started
Startup phase (no production)
[2018, current] In operation (production)
Comment on implementation status
50 to 90MW of capacity to be commissioned by 2015. The wind farm will be fully operational at 300 MW by 2016. The pastoralists from Loiyangalani and Marsabit South districts, filed the case to stop the project until their grievances are addressed. Expected to be in operation from 2018 (operation delayed due to transmission line delays).

Contract farming

Contract farming
No
Contracts

Contract #1

Duration of the agreement (in years)
15
Comment on contract
Another source states that it is a 99 year term.
Employment

Number of domestic jobs created

Jobs created (domestic)
Yes
Planned number of jobs (domestic)
900
Planned employees (domestic)
150
Comment on jobs created (domestic)
900 jobs planned during construction, 150 jobs planned full-time once the plant is operational.
Investor info

Operating company

Operating company
Lake Turkana Wind Power Ltd (#38605)
Name of investment project
Lake Turkana Wind Power Project
Comment on investment chain
Additional consortium partners are: Vestas Wind Systems A/S, Norwegian Investment Fund for Developing Countries (Norfund), Industrial Fund for Developing Countries (IFU) Denmark and Finnish Fund for Industrial Cooperation Ltd (Finnfund).

 

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Data sources

Data source #1

Data source type
Media report
URL
http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/thecounties/article/2000142538/sh75-billion-lake-turkana-wind-power-project-case-adjourned-to-january-2015?pageNo=2
File
Date
2014-11-25
Comment on data source
Standard Digital- Sh75 billion Lake Turkana Wind Power project case adjourned to January 2015

Data source #2

Data source type
Company sources
URL
http://ltwp.co.ke/home
File
Comment on data source
Lake Turkana Wind Power project website

Data source #3

Data source type
Personal information
File
Date
2017-03-13
Includes in-country-verified information
Yes
Comment on data source
Implementation status should be “start-up phase”

Data source #4

Data source type
Personal information
File
Date
2017-03-05
Comment on data source
"I was recently involved – though very minimally as an advisor – with the ongoing case challenging land acquired for the Lake Turkana Wind Power Project in northern Kenya. I attach on this email the court ruling on the case in which you will find lots of information on the details of land acquired and disputes by the community."

Data source #5

Data source type
Media report
URL
https://www.esi-africa.com/news/lake-turkana-turbines-inactive-2018/
File
Date
2017-06-08
Comment on data source
Lake Turkana turbines to remain inactive until 2018

Data source #6

Data source type
Media report
URL
http://eadb.org/an-update-of-lake-turkana-wind-power-project/
File
Date
2017-09-13
Comment on data source
AN UPDATE OF LAKE TURKANA WIND POWER PROJECT

Data source #7

Data source type
Media report
URL
http://www.nation.co.ke/business/Sh5-7-billion-Turkana-Wind-fine-in-budget/996-4124226-pk9p38/index.html
File
Date
2017-10-04
Comment on data source
Daily Nation- Sh5.7 billion Turkana Wind fine in budget

Data source #8

Data source type
Media report
URL
https://www.windpowermonthly.com/article/1494069/first-power-lake-turkana
File
Publication title
First power at Lake Turkana
Date
2018-09-26

Data source #9

Data source type
Media report
URL
https://theconversation.com/how-kenyas-mega-wind-power-project-is-hurting-communities-122061?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20September%203%202019%20-%201400513196&utm_content=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20September%203%202019%20-%201400513196+CID_db66237b90034ce71f98b4d2d3d07181&utm_source=campaign_monitor_global&utm_term=How%20Kenyas%20mega%20wind%20power%20project%20is%20hurting%20communities
File
Publication title
How Kenya’s mega wind power project is hurting communities
Date
2019-09-03

Data source #10

Data source type
Research Paper / Policy Report
URL
https://www.afdb.org/sites/default/files/documents/environmental-and-social-assessments/kenya_-_lake_turkana_wind_power_project_-_esia_summary.pdf
File
Publication title
Lake Turkana Wind Power Project:
Date
2011-12
Local communities / indigenous peoples

Names of communities / indigenous peoples affected

Comment on communities / indigenous peoples affected
Apart from the El Molo, who traditionally are fishermen relying on fish from the Lake for their subsistence, the other groups are nomadic pastoralists.

Recognitions status of community land tenure

Recognition status of community land tenure
Indigenous Peoples traditional or customary rights recognized by government
Comment on recognitions status of community land tenure
Ancestral rights

Consultation of local community

Community consultation
Not consulted
Comment on consultation of local community
One report states that FPIC was not required as the Rendille, Samburu and Turkana people who live within the concession were not recognised as “indigenous”- therefore FPIC was not required.

How did the community react?

Community reaction
Rejection
Comment on community reaction
The affected communities filed the case to stop the Lake Turkana Wind Power Limited in October 2013 until their grievances are addressed.

Presence of land conflicts

Presence of land conflicts
Yes
Comment on presence of land conflicts
The affected communities filed the case to stop the Lake Turkana Wind Power Limited in October 2013 until their grievances are addressed.

Displacement of people

Displacement of people
Yes
Comment on displacement of people
concession is home to pastoralists in a culturally significant area (for ceremonies by Rendille and Samburu clan also traces its origins to a water pool in the concession). Turkana village which was next to the wind turbines was relocated by the company.

Negative impacts for local communities

Negative impacts for local communities
Cultural loss
Eviction
Displacement
Violence
Comment on negative impacts for local communities
The project has fueled conflicted between the affected communities because they are all fighting for the few jobs available and little CSR.

Promised or received compensation

Promised compensation (e.g. for damages or resettlements)
No compensation
Received compensation (e.g. for damages or resettlements)
No compensation

Promised benefits for local communities

Promised benefits for local communities
Education
Roads
Other
Comment on promised benefits for local communities
New corporate social responsibility program. Borehole. High expectations and unmet needs of communities affected by the project. The actual construction of the 200km road is expected to take approximately 15 months.
Former use

Former land owner (not by constitution)

Former land owner
Community

Former land use

Former land use
Pastoralism

Former land cover

Former land cover
Marginal land
Comment on former land cover
The land is used for grazing, traditional and spiritual purposes.
Produce info

In country processing of produce

In country processing of produce
Yes
Comment on in country processing of produce
wind power to the Kenya national grid (300MW) - the power produced will be bought at a fixed price by Kenya Power (KPLC) over a 20-year period in accordance with the signed Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
Water

Water extraction envisaged

Water extraction envisaged
Yes

Source of water extraction

Source of water extraction
Surface water (Lake)
Comment on source of water extraction
Lake Turkana
History (13 versions)

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Dec. 3, 2014, 3:17 p.m.

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